Robust design in product design is the concept of designing products to be able to withstand adverse conditions, such as extreme temperatures, forces, vibrations and other environmental conditions. Robust designs can also include features designed to reduce the likelihood of failure or reduce consequences should a failure occur. This includes such things as redundancy or fail-safe features, materials selected for durability and strength and components designed for tolerance against environmental factors. Robust design can help improve product performance in real-world conditions, ensuring that products remain functional even under difficult circumstances. Additionally, robust designs can help reduce costs by minimizing expensive maintenance or repairs that may result from poor quality design or inadequate testing during the development process.